Arrow shaft smoother, Â Hamburg-Rissen, 13 000 BP. Photo: © M. C. Langley
Source and text: https://theconversation.com/48-000-year-old-arrowheads-reveal-early-human-innovation-in-the-sri-lankan-rainforest-139989, Pointed bone technologies of Fa-Hien Lena. Flint from the anticline of Tercis. The skin inside, between the stopper and the bone, forms a gasket so that water doesn't escape down the thread. Gabarones, Botswana, 2.5 million - 1 million BP. The discovery also suggests a level of seafaring and exploration entirely unexpected for the Ice Age. These were hafted on a cylindrical stick, and a bow was used to rotate the tool for drilling holes. These are from Le Souci, Dordogne. This technology included small bone arrow points (bottom right), and skin or plant-working tools. 1-12:
Arrow points and inserts
1: microliths, Bedburg-Königshoven, Nordrhein-Westfalen, circa 11 000 BP (original)
2: pointed tips (shouldered points)
3-11: 'Federmesser' or penknife points
12: larger point
Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015
Source and text: Monrepos Archäologisches Forschungszentrum und Museum, Neuwied, Germany.
“The Ice Age tools provide the first unequivocal presence of people in Scotland about 3,000 years earlier than previously indicated. Palaeolithic / Paleolithic European, Russian and Australian Archaeology / Archeology Sites, Parabita Venus - two venuses from Parabita, Italy, Pine Tree Creek, Tied Up Wrist and Wallaroo Galleries - Aboriginal Rock Art sites in Northern Queensland, Placard Cave - Grotte du Placard - Grotte de Rochebertier, Plains of Passage - Clickable Map of the Danube, Potlatch - First Nations of the Pacific Northwest, Quinkan Corner, the Rock Wallaby Gallery, and Tent Shelter Gallery - Aboriginal Rock Art sites in Northern Queensland, Red Lady Galleries near Laura - an Aboriginal Rock Art site in Northern Queensland, Red Ochre Venus or Dame ocree, is a venus of mammoth ivory from Balzi Rossi covered with red ochre, Reflection Rock and Roque Saint-Christophe, Rouffignac Cave - La Grotte de Rouffignac, ice age art, Sandy Creek near Laura - an Aboriginal Rock Art site in Northern Queensland, Sarum Lookout, Salisbury Waters and McDirtys Lookout, Sites of Geissenklosterle, Hohle Fels, and Middle Paleolithic sites in the Swabian Alb near the city of Ulm, Solutrean - the peak of stone tools workmanship.
High in calories, marrow was an important component in the development of the human brain.
Rock crystal is sometimes used for large pieces and for microliths, but it often does not break in the consistent way that good flint does. Handaxe made of a hard green volcanic lava (phonolite) with a compact texture. Bone point, from Hamburg-Billwerder, circa 15 000 BP, as above. Photos of two facsimiles of the same object from 'Ubeidiya, Israel. Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015, 2018
Source and text: Landesmuseum Württemberg, Stuttgart
On loan from the Archäologischen Landesmuseum Baden-Württemberg, Points, circa 70 000 BP - 50 000 BP. Flint which has been altered or heated: 20.6% (flint was often heated in the Upper Palaeolithic to improve its knapping qualities)
Photo: Don Hitchcock 2014
Source and text: La Maison de la Dame, Brassempouy Museum
Additional text: Wikipedia, Cores from which blades have been struck, from Duruthy. From Merimde-Benisalame, Egypt. The bow and arrow were the technological innovations that made hunting very efficient. (far left) Fernewerder, Brandenburg, 11 500 BP - 7 000 BP
(centre left) Döberitz, Brandenburg, 11 500 BP - 8 000 BP
(centre right) Amrum, Schleswig-Holstein, 14 500 BP - 8 000 BP
Double-row harpoon
(far right) Ornsköldsvik, Sweden, 14 500 BP - 11 000 BP
Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015
Source and text: Monrepos Archäologisches Forschungszentrum und Museum, Neuwied, Germany, Double-row harpoons
(left) Perkallen, Russia, 14 500 BP - 11 000 BP
(right) Mas d'Azil, France, 15 000 BP - 13 000 BP (Original)
Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015
Source and text: Monrepos Archäologisches Forschungszentrum und Museum, Neuwied, Germany, The instantly recognisable shape of a harpoon head from Mas d'Azil, France, 15 000 BP - 13 000 BP (Original)
Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015
Source: Monrepos Archäologisches Forschungszentrum und Museum, Neuwied, Germany. 22 000 BP - 18 000 BP. Backed knife, flint, site G, 300 000 BP - 250 000 BP, from the Belvédère loess and gravel quarry, near Maastricht, Netherlands. Each eruption produced volcanic ash with a distinct chemical composition, and many of these eruptions have been accurately dated. Photo: Sklenar (1988), This chopper, made from a small stone, comes from the limestone cave Shandalya or Shandalia I, in the former northern Yugoslavia, the oldest archeological site in Europe. Palaeolithic, 300 000 - 30 000 years ago
(5) Hand-axe, Moerslag. Photo: Don Hitchcock 2015
Source: LVR-Landesmuseum Bonn, Germany
Lender: Directorate General for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate, Generaldirektion Kulturelles Erbe Rheinland-Pfalz, Quartzite burins, 15 800 BP
Andernach-Martinsberg, district of Mayen-Koblenz, from the excavations of Hermann Schaaffhausen 1883. No other easily obtainable combination will produce sparks hot enough to start a fire - two flints struck together will not produce a usable spark, for instance. Animals like rhinoceros, forest elephant, bison, roe deer, and giant deer liked to graze and drink on the banks of the Meuse, making this an ideal hunting ground. Photo: Don Hitchcock 2014
Provenance: Abri Duruthy, Sorde-l'Abbaye (Landes) Magdalénien
Collection: R. Arambourou, Centre départemental du Patrimoine, Abbaye d'Arthous, Hastingues
Source and text: La Maison de la Dame, Brassempouy Museum, Dihedral burins on blades, from the archaeological site of Tizon.
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